The hazelnut tree, also known as Corylus avellana, is a versatile and productive plant known for its delicious nuts and attractive appearance. It is a deciduous tree or large shrub that typically grows to heights of 10 to 20 feet with a similar spread, forming a dense, rounded canopy. Its heart-shaped leaves turn yellow in the fall, providing seasonal interest. In early spring, the tree produces long, yellow catkins that serve as both decorative features and important pollen sources.
 
Climate and Soil Requirements: The hazelnut tree thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4 through 9. It prefers full sun to partial shade and grows best in well-drained, loamy soils that are slightly acidic to neutral. Regular watering during dry periods and a balanced fertilizer can help promote healthy growth and abundant nut production.
 
Nut Characteristics: The hazelnuts are small, round nuts encased in a hard shell, which is further enclosed in a leafy husk. The nuts have a sweet, slightly earthy flavor and a crisp texture. They are harvested in late summer to early fall, when the nuts drop from the tree as the husks dry and split open.
 
Harvest and Use: Hazelnuts are typically ready for harvest in late summer through early autumn. The nuts can be gathered by hand once they have fallen to the ground. They are commonly used in cooking and baking, either whole, chopped, or ground into flour. Their rich flavor makes them a favorite for confections, nut butters, and savory dishes.
 
Ideal For: The hazelnut tree is an excellent choice for anyone looking to add a productive and aesthetically pleasing tree to their landscape. It is particularly suitable for growers interested in cultivating their own nuts or for use in hedgerows and windbreaks due to its dense growth habit. With its attractive foliage, spring catkins, and valuable nuts, it is a versatile addition to home gardens and small orchards alike.